A los usuarios de tarjetas de crédito o de financiamientos las siglas CAT, le son familiares, sin embargo pocas veces se aprecia su utilidad.
El Costo Anual Total (CAT) es una medida anunciada por el Banco de México, un dato que deberá ser dado a conocer al usuario por parte de los Bancos, Sociedades Financieras de Objeto Limitado (sofoles) y las tiendas que tengan acuerdos con estos intermediarios.
Sirve para que el comprador pueda comparar entre sí “los abonos chiquitos”, “pagos semanales” y “tasas de interés”, de tal manera que la persona pueda tomar la mejor decisión de dónde le conviene comprar, o saber porque si ha estado pagando ya por mucho tiempo no acaba de liquidar ese préstamo que tan fácilmente le dieron.
El CAT incorpora todos los pagos que involucra el crédito, ya que para calcularlo se consideran la tasa nominal más todos los cargos, comisiones, primas de seguros, bonificaciones, descuentos y amortizaciones del principal.
Al saber interpretar el CAT, los compradores conocerán no sólo el monto a pagar por algún bien, sino el costo real que tendrá en el tiempo del crédito, lo que favorece a tomar mejores decisiones de compra.
En el esquema de pagos fijos semanales, la tasa de interés aplicada por el financiamiento confunde al comprador, debido a que está incluida en el costo del bien en lo que se conoce como un sobreprecio. El interés se convierte entonces en el porcentaje de diferencia entre el precio de contado y el monto total pagado por el crédito a plazos fijos.
Por lo tanto, es recomendable que al hacer una compra de este tipo, visites el sitio www.profeco.gob.mx, donde se encuentran disponibles cuadros comparativos de más de 80 productos electrónicos y de línea blanca que incluyen el precio de contado, monto, periodicidad, enganche, así como el CAT correspondiente.
Además la Comisión Nacional para la Protección y Defensa de los Usuarios de Servicios Financieros (Condusef) nos recomienda:
– Antes de contratar un producto es necesario leer el contrato y comparar precios.
– El banco tiene la obligación de informar en los estados de cuenta el costo de un financiamiento.
– No olvides que en caso de inconformidad, las instituciones tienen unidades especiales de atención a clientes.
– Hay que evitar tener varias tarjetas de crédito, ya que es el financiamiento más caro del sistema financiero.
– En cuentas de ahorro hay que preguntar al intermediario sobre la tasa de interés que pagarán. Por lo general, éstas se calculan de forma anual.
– Es mejor privilegiar rendimientos que rifas, promociones o regalos.
Redacción
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